Geography

The popular Bhadra Stream increases at local Samse at the Western Ghats popular Aroli mountain variety of renowned Kudremukh variety, and moves southern across the popular Deccan Level. It is signed up with by its many tributaries, the local Somavahini (or drains comes from an Important crater and satisfies renowned Bhadra Stream at local Hebbe), popular Thadabehalla area, and local Odirayanahalla area. The stream moves through the city of renowned Bhadravathi as well as the Bhadra Creatures Haven. The renowned Bhadra satisfies the local Tunga Stream at the area of Koodli, the suburbs near local Shivamogga. The mixed river carries on southern as the renowned Tungabhadra, a significant tributary of the sacred Krishna, which pipes into the large Bay of west Bengal. The renowned Bhadra Dam area is designed across the local Bhadra Stream, total 1.5 kilometers (or about 0.93 mi) just from local Lakkavalli city and only 50 kilometers upstream of the confluence of the renowned Bhadra Stream as well as Tungabhadra Stream.  Renowned Shimoga city is situated only 28 kilometers at northern of the dam. The renowned Bhadra Dam pipes a catchments place of around 1,968 m  out of that the woodlands place is about 717.49 hectares land ( or total 1,773.0 acres of land ), cultivable area is about 3,274.65 hectares land  ( or 8,091.8 acres of land ) and fallow area is around 7,258.74 hectares land  ( or 17,936.7 acres of land ). The local catchments and control places of the venture just like at local Chikamagalur, Shimoga area and area of Davanagere zones. A variety of sectors, city and non-urban agreements reliant on confident drinking water lie at the banks of this river and in the venture control area; renowned Kudremukh Metal Organization limited, the popular Mysore Document Generators and renowned Vishweshvarayya Metal as well as Metal Industries are the significant commercial action mentioned in the control place of the venture.

Amazing Sport fishing actions have improved on the lender of the river; around 81 varieties of seafood from total 8 purchases with about 14 family members are documented as native to the island to the renowned Bhadra Stream.  The Bhadra Stream container gets a typical yearly rain fall of around  2320 mm per year with rain fall happening during monsoon interval ( in the months of June to month of November). The important  rain fall is knowledgeable both during the all South west Monsoon as well as all  North East monsoon; influx participation is total 82% from local SW monsoon ( in the month of June to month of September) and around 18% from local north-eastern area monsoon (in the month of October to month of  December). The yearly generate evaluated from a catchment’s place of around 1,968 m at the dam website is about 84.63 BCF  at a total  75% reliable season. Depending on all mp taken over an interval of about 25 decades, it has an approximated yearly mean evapotran spiration of around 1,678 mm.

Project Features

The renowned  Bhadra Dam venture was the watering plan to be greatly  performed by the Nationwide Water Control Project (or also called NWMP), along with the aim of increasing farming success, particularly for grain development. The local dam was designed to a height of around 59.13 meters, (or above the mainstream bed level) or between the year of 1947.When construction was started, and in the year of 1965 (which was the year of total commissioning).It has a total storage space potential of around 2.025 km live storage space of about 63.00 or BCF in  full tank stage and a dead storage space of around 8.50 BCF in local  RL ( or reservoir right level) of about 631.54 meters ( or total 2,072.0 feet). The total storage space designed by the tank is according to the allowance of around 61.70 BCF or total 1.747 kilometers including direct water loss of about 0.14 km3. Water made under the local Krishna Water Conflicts Tribunal Prize. The local dam is designed on a destroyed stone centered with a central brickwork spillway. It has an earthen embankment on the remaining part and stone hillocks are missing. The great Ogee kind spillway in the middle section of the stream is offered with four numbers of straight lift gateways over a width of around 18.28 meters or total 60.0 feet and developed for a release of about 3,020 cubic per meters (or total 107,000 cu. In addition, two number stream sluices are offered to complete a release of around 13,300 meters (or total 470,000 cu. The yearly salutation load considered in the style is around 10.78 million per cubic feet per square distance of catchment’s place. The tunnel sites offered in the dam, initially for Wave power creation followed by watering, includes the remaining important banks of  tunnel outlet to release around 10.76 cubic per meters (  or  total 380 cubic feet) and two right bank tunnel sites to complete a release of around 75.03 cubic per meters ( or total 2,650 feet. Several islands in the tank place were developed for travel and leisure.

The local tank designed by the dam engrossed about 27 towns. The tank submergence expands to water stretch of around 13 kilometers (or total 8.1 miles upstream of the dam. During the time of flood season, surging of the local Bhadravathi town is experienced when large moves were released from the dam.

The Left important Bank Canal is developed to bring a release of around 10.76 cubic per meters ( or total 380 cu feet), starting from the end competition of the remaining bank leader provides watering features over its total duration of  about 77 kilometers ( or total 48 miles ). The Right important Bank tunnel, via the end competition route of the right bank leader provides watering features through its duration of the main tunnel.  In addition, around 103 kilometers (or total 64 miles) developed to bring a release of around 75.03 cubic per meters (or total 2,650 feet and its division tunnel program of around 284.9 kilometers (or total 177.0 miles). Gross control place from the venture is about 162,818 hectares land  ( or total 402,330 acres land ), cultivable control is about 121,500 hectares land  (or total 300,000 acres land ) and irrigated control and popped place is around  105,570 hectares land  ( or total 260,900 acres land )

The dirt experienced in the main Right Bank Canal watering control contains Dark Pure cotton Soils about 8.5% and Red ground around 93.5%, while at important  Left Bank Canal control it includes Dark Pure cotton Soils around 7.0% and Red ground about  93%. The watering component of the venture was planned to offer a yearly farming intensity of around 200 % to irrigate semi-dry plants in nearly about 60 % of total control place covered with red loamy dirt. Irrigated place propagates over area of  Chitradurga, Shivamogga area , Chikmagalur area  and area of Bellary zones including primarily red loamy dirt except in some areas the right bank tunnel place which involve Dark Pure cotton dirt. However, the actual farming was mainly grain and also sugarcane and permanent gardens; around 90% place on the remaining important bank tunnel program and about 60% place of the right bank tunnel program was covered with grain.

This practice led to heavy demand on water causing serious concerns on the watering program itself. Consequently, renowned Nationwide Water Control Project (or also called NWMP) was greatly released with the objective to best rehabilitate as well as offer reasonable, foreseen and reliable watering service, which could improve farming efficiency and farm income. This venture has led to substantial improvements in both the place brought under watering and major farming plants development.

The water stored in local tank is redirected through the main remaining and right bank energy houses into the specific watering tunnel systems. The right bank leader uses the watering produces for energy creation from two models of great Kaplan-type modern generator turbines and one modern device  of about 6MW potential. The remaining important bank leader at the streambed uses the watering produces to generate energy from important two models of about 12 MW potential each and another energy home on the remaining bank tunnel of one modern device of about two MW potential. The three energy stations together have an energy creation potential of around 39.2 MW.

The renowned Bhadra Dam important Right bank energy home serves one modern device  of about  7.2 MW potential paired to a great Kaplan-type modern generator and one about  6 MW modern device  which is paired to the same kind of generator. These models will make use of the watering produces to be let into the important right bank tunnel. The total six MW potential generating modern device was requested on the date of 29.03.1998 respectively.

The renowned Bhadra Dam remaining bank energy home combines two about 12 MW streambed models and one about 2 MW tunnel modern devices. The important two MW potential modern devices is a Horizontal Francis style and the streambed models are depending on the renowned Vertical-Kaplan style. The local streambed models operate when the dam reaches flood levels or when downstream areas need a discharge. The remaining bank tunnel modern device uses the watering produces for energy creation.

Environment And Ecology

Fauna

The renowned Bhadra Stream moves freely through the local Bhadra important  reservoir  and Creatures Haven and the local Bhadra Tank is on north of Manchester. The renowned sanctuary has very rich avifauna such as wild Jungle fowl, amazing red spur fowl, lovely Colored Bush-quails, emerald lovely green dove, amazing southeast Green important Imperial Bird, some great black local woodpecker, amazing Malabar Parakeet creature and local mountain mynas. Some Reptiles revealed in the stream and the reservoir is the local Marsh crocodiles and big observes lizards. Local otter and high sleek native Indian local Otter, big Gaurs, horrible leopards animals are also generally spotted important wildlife in the reserve. The amazing wildlife may be considered by taking a boat drive in the reservoir when local Tyavarekoppa Lion, local Competition Opera animal and the horrible Sakkrebyle or Hippo camping may be frequented.  Indian Marsh crocodiles species are discovered all along the renowned Bhadra Stream and after that  stream goes into the sanctuary area and further moves through middle of the secure wet deciduous jungles until it connects the returning ocean of the reservoir of the renowned Bhadra Dam area.

Vegetation

The returning important water of the reservoir expands into the woodlands reserve which has several moist deciduous or woodlands of the local  Tectona- Lagerstroemia  type sequence with areas of dry deciduous woodlands of the local Anogeissus–local Tectona-or Terminalia type jungles happening in some great  north fringes. An important key ecological feature of the woodlands is great use of five important varieties of local bamboos, out of three are very important and a lot discovered in the reserve jungles.

Ecology

A deep study was conducted on ecological effect on local seafood, amazing seafood environment and reverie fisheries performed by the Division of Research in Environmental Technology, School of state Mysore. in the downstream gets to of the renowned Bhadra Stream indicate negative changes in the some hydrological program and drinking water quality which have impacted some seafood grabs (in addition income of poor people reliant only on  fisheries), some particularly, large within a are impacted. Thus, from ecological concerns keeping a lowest river circulation by launching lowest water from the reservoir to the downstream of the stream became essential.

Recreation

The reservoir is a very popular location for aquatic actions such as boating, amazing windsurfing, great water-cycling sport, sports of water-trampoline type and amazing game fishing.

Bhadra Sanctuary

The renowned Bhadra sanctuary can be found around the water source designed around the local Bhadra stream dam. Local River Tern or Villa is the one and only choice here having excellent opinions as well as characteristics centric actions. However, less splendid luxuries (for instance television) like a very common Forest Resorts hotel.  All the Nature lovers can acquire opera features at local River Tern Jo Villa such as an amazing wild safari drive to the several little destinations that dot the tank. These important destinations are great reproduction reasons of the local River Tern, an important smooth and white-colored type fowl with an important yellow-colored type beak. Moreover, Hundreds of such wildlife home on the destinations during monsoon period (form the month of June to month of August).  From at this place, visitors may check out local Tyverekoppa Lion as well as wild life Safari and amazing trips to an important Sakkrebyle local Hippo camping.

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